The demand for public transportation has become very high due to the limited space for private vehicles. Various factors influence the transportation mode choice for people who require smooth movement to and from workplaces, homes, markets, schools, and other destinations in urban areas. One of the factors representing this smoothness is the travel time of a public transportation mode. The faster, more precise, and more consistent the travel time, the more reliable the transportation mode becomes for the public’s mobility.
Regarding travel time, the process of someone moving from one place to another will always consider this factor, whether consciously or unconsciously. Consciously, the user carefully plans the travel route and estimates the time it will take when using a particular mode of transportation. Sometimes, we also unconsciously think about how long it will take to reach a destination without having planned it. Therefore, knowing the travel time of a particular mode of transportation can psychologically affect the perceived reliability of that mode for users.
In daily life, for residents of Jabodetabek, especially Jakarta, Depok, and Bogor, commuting via the Bogor-Jakarta Kota commuter train has become a daily routine. However, not everyone uses just one mode of transportation; many use multiple modes. With the use of multiple modes, individuals will more complexly consider the travel time they will spend each day to reach their destination on time. This travel time can be seen in various transportation apps that are commonly used today, and it may also be indicated on the route map of a public transportation mode. With this travel time information, users can more freely estimate their arrival and departure times when planning a trip.
Behind the scenes, the process of determining travel time is essentially done by calculating the distance between each station, the availability of station points, the availability of railway segments, and the minimum and maximum train speeds. Travel time calculations can essentially be done by anyone using OpenStreetMap data if they want to perform manual calculations for research purposes, map-making, or application development. The problem is that without OpenStreetMap, the data needed to calculate travel time is quite difficult to obtain. Therefore, the presence and use of OpenStreetMap, with its easy accessibility and editable data, has become one of the best alternatives for individuals to analyze the travel time of a transportation mode.
For example, when calculating the travel time of the Bogor-Jakarta Kota Commuter Train, The required data includes spatial data on the railway segments for the route, the location of station points along the route, the distance between stations, and the minimum and maximum train speeds. All this data can be downloaded, for example, through the platform https://overpass-turbo.eu/ by inputting a query like the one below if you want to obtain railway segment data.
Fig 1. Overpass turbo Query Wizard and Result
Similarly, for other data, it is sufficient to input information (tagging) related to the desired data, which can then be easily downloaded to a device for processing and analysis.
The key point to highlight in this process is not the complexity of the analysis but the importance of the availability of this data in obtaining a single output, namely travel time, which is crucial in the selection of transportation modes and significantly impacts daily mobility. The availability of OSM data through downloads from Overpass can yield various outputs, one of which, as illustrated in the example above, is the ability to calculate travel time. The image below shows a simple result estimating the travel time for the Bogor-Jakarta Kota KRL route, along with the distance traveled. Additionally, with data on minimum and maximum speeds, it is also possible to estimate the fastest and slowest times to reach specific stations.
